... also separates India and Bangladesh. (When it was originally drawn up, it separated India from both East and West Pakistan. In the words of Wikipedia, it was "the boundary demarcation line between the Indian and Pakistani portions of the Punjab and Bengal provinces of British India.")
It was named after Cyril John Radcliffe (later Viscount Radcliffe), the Welsh–born lawyer and civil servant who was appointed to chair the two committees that drew the respective borders. He had never been further east than Paris and was given five weeks to complete the job.
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